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KMID : 1022820130040010013
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Journal of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology
2013 Volume.4 No. 1 p.13 ~ p.18
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The Role of T Cell Tolerance in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases
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Choi Kyung-Ho
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Abstract
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Many of Autoimmune diseases are caused by hyperactivation of autoreactive T cells. Therefore, immunosuppressive pharmaceuticals have been widely used for treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, general suppression of immune system can elicit adverse side effects such as opportunistic infections and cancers. Thus, the long-lasting, specific inhibition of pathogenic T cells following short-term treatment will be an ideal way of treating these chronic diseases. Physiologically autoreactive T cells are effectively controlled by antigen-specific long-term inhibitory machinery called T cell tolerance. Hence, T cell tolerance induction therapy in established autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are actively investigated both experimentally and in clinic. In this review, I will discuss the basic mechanism of T cell tolerance and theoretical framework of translating these concepts to clinical therapeutics.
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KEYWORD
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T cell tolerance, Autoimmune diseases, Two signal hypothesis, T cell anergy, Regulatory
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